What symptoms are most likely exhibited by a client with a 5-year history of Parkinson's disease?

• A. Loss of short-term memory, facial tics and grimaces, and constant writhing movements.
• B. Shuffling gait, masklike facial expression, and tremors of the head.
• C. Extreme muscular weakness, easy fatigability, and ptosis.
• D. Numbness of the extremities, loss of balance, and visual disturbances.

Answer: (B)

A client with a 5-year history of Parkinson's disease is likely to exhibit symptoms commonly associated with this neurodegenerative disorder. The shuffling gait is characteristic of Parkinson's, often resulting from the rigidity and bradykinesia that affect movement. This gait is typically marked by short, shuffling steps and a lack of arm swing.

Additionally, individuals with Parkinson's disease frequently have a masklike facial expression, known as "hypomimia," where they may show reduced facial movements, making them appear less expressive. This is due to the motor control issues caused by the disease. Tremors, specifically resting tremors, are another hallmark of Parkinson's disease; they can occur in various parts of the body, including the head, and are often more noticeable when the individual is at rest.

Other symptoms mentioned in the incorrect options either do not align with Parkinson's disease or point to different medical conditions. For instance, loss of short-term memory and other cognitive issues can occur in advanced stages but are not primary symptoms of Parkinson's. The extreme muscular weakness and ptosis are more indicative of conditions like myasthenia gravis rather than Parkinson's. Lastly, numbness of the extremities and visual disturbances do not directly relate to the